Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms  Review of Semester 1 themes Review of course expectations 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Is Latino a Race? The concept of Race in Latin America today What does it mean to be Latino?   

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Multiple identities (i.e., Hispanic v Latino/a vs. Spanish) Evolution of multiple identities Language  Identity, race, and census  The following topics can be addressed if time permits and students are ready to share: Latino passing: what does this mean? Language and its relationship to the Latino identity  

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms African and Indigenous Diaspora African and Indigenous diaspora contributions (music, food, literary genres, etc.) Strengths and contributions of African and Indigenous diaspora in Latin America and Caribbean Vocabulary: Diaspora, Intersectionality 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Geographical and economic factors that have impacted development in Puerto Rico (e.g., population, topography, location, etc.) Puerto Rican Identity: what does it mean  History of Puerto Rican Migration Immigration How Puerto Rican Migration experience differs from other Latin American countries 

In this unit, students will:• Explore Latinos’ and Puerto Ricans’ identity;• Examine the collective and individual identities of Latinos and Puerto Ricans and demonstrate understanding of how this influences the perception and realities of Latino and Puerto Rican;• Explore Latinos’ understanding of race;• Understand how Latinos “show up in the color line that created a Black and White bin”;• Examine Puerto Rican Migration; and • Learn about the strengths and contributions of the African diaspora in Latin America and in the CaribbeanCompelling Questions: How has Latino and Puerto Rican identity evolved over time? Is there a single “Latino identity”? Is there a Latino “race”?Pre-Assessment: Students engage in a gallery walk to gauge information on definition of culture, Latino/Puerto Rican identity, and migration of Latinos/Puerto Ricans.

Developed By: Adrian Solis, Vanessa Sosa, Agnes Quinones, Gladys Labas, Nitza Diaz Coming from a place of frustration, discord, and suppression, Latinos, time and time again, have resisted the power and control of a group of people, governments, or institutions. Their resistance has always been part of their existence; however, this unit will focus on major times of resistance. Finally, we will look at other forms of resistance focusing on the arts and on the development/existence of underground economies within specific Latin American countries. In this unit, students will:● Explore the Latinos’ fight for independence against Spain.● Explore the nationalist movements against dictatorial/non-democratic leaders in the 20th century.● Analyze the power structures within the United States that influence oppressing the people and voices of the Latino world.● Examine how the arts serve as a form of resistance, strength and community building.Compelling Question: With the diaspora in mind, how has the theme of resilience been illustrated in the past and present history of Latinos’ battle for equity?

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Haitian Revolution  Haitian Revolution and its impact on other Latin American countries  Vocabulary: General Toussaint L’Ouverture, Jacob Lawrence Note: This lesson serves as a precursor for students to understand how this revolution served as the framework for other revolutions in Latin America. 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Reasons for revolting Women’s roles during the independence  Caudillos Dictatorships Oligarchies Freebooters (filibusteros) Vocabulary: Dictator, Oligarchy, Caudillos 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Suffering and pain that fueled revolutions Social Revolutions  Influence of colonialism Racial and ethnic differences during 20th century revolution  

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Las Carpetas Independence from Spain: Grito de Lares- the outcry known as “El grito de Lares” for the independence of Puerto Ricans from their Colonist occupants Las Carpetas Independence from the United States: Law 53 of 1948, better known as the Gag Law (Spanish: Ley de La Mordaza) A law used to suppress the independence movement in Puerto Rico Ponce Massacre   

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Resistance heroes and sheroes (some examples) Pedro Albizu Campos Hernan Badilla Ramon Emeterio Betances  Miguel Hidalgo Jose Marti  Vidal Santiago Diaz Arturo Schomburg Lolita Lebron  Blanca Canales Marianna Bracetti  Dominga de La Cruz Becerril Isabel Rosado U.S. relationship with resistance heroes 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms The Young Lords  Macheteros  Chicano Movement Los Macheteros  Wells Fargo Heist Example 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Timeline of the History of the Latino Civil Rights Movement Political and Social Conflicts Contributions of Latinos during the African-American Civil Rights Movement  Civil Rights Movements Warriors: Cesar Chavez  Dolores Huerta  Herman Badillo  Rita Moreno Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Roberto Clemente  Julia Avarez Sonia Sotomayor  Sylvia Mendez Luis Gutierrez Nydia Velazquez Vocabulary: Political Conflict, Social Conflict 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Past and present of Arts as a form of protest in the Latino community  Latinos use different types of art to hold leaders responsible for their actions History of how different types of art came to be the medium by which Latinos protest peacefully  Latino artists who use their art as a form of protest in the U.S. and in Latin America 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and TermsSongs as a form of protest and resistance in Puerto Rico and in the U.S.Art as resistance to the current colonial status in Puerto RicoArts as affirmation of Puerto Rican identity in Puerto Rico and in the U.S.How have Latinos used music to resist and protest? Vocabulary: Reggaetón Syndrome

In this unit, students will:● Explore the Latinos’ fight for independence against Spain● Explore the nationalist movements against dictatorial/non-democratic leaders in the 20th century● Analyze the power structures within the United States that influence oppressing the people and voices of the Latino world● Examine the arts as a form of resistance, strength, and communityCompelling question: With the diaspora in mind, how has the theme of resilience been illustrated in the past and present history of Latinos’ battle for equity?Pre-Assessment: Students popcorn-out what they already know about Latin American revolutions

Developed By: Daniel Bonet Ojeda, Heriberto Cajigas, Nitza DiazIn this unit, we walk through the sands of time to remember the blood, beauty, and sweat that contributed to the further development of the Puerto Rican and Latino social and economic structures. These cultures have demonstrated endurance and resilience during countless trials. Even through difficult times, they have nurtured their roots with their ancestors' culture. Perseverance, optimism, and fortitude are the hallmarks of Latinos’ striving for equity. The permanent emotional connection with their culture and identity keep them reimagining their independence, economic growth, and prosperity. In this unit, we will examine how the complex relationship between politics and economic policies helps us explain the current level and range of economic development in the region. Students will:• Explore how colonialism impacted the development of Latin America societies during a period of social, economic “transformation.”• Examine and interpret how Latin Americans and Puerto Ricans constructed and interpreted racial, ethnic, class, and gender identities as a result of historic and economic experiences of enslaved Africans in Latin America and in Puerto Rico.• Investigate the ways in which United States relations with Puerto Rico and Latin America help or hinder social and economic growth.• Examine specific role of Indigenous, Spaniards, and Africans in the formation of the Puerto Rican Nation.• Evaluate how severe economic policies impact the economic growth of Puerto Rico and Latin America currently.Compelling Question: How did power and hierarchy come together to create the social and economic structures of Puerto Rico and Latin America?

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Consequences and impact of the arrival of colonizers Encomienda System  Inequality vs. Inequity Women’s roles Vocabulary: Conquistadores, Encomienda System, Inequality, Inequity, Single Story 

Big Ideas/Topics to be addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms  Impact of the system of labor that existed among Indigenous, enslaved Africans, and “free people.” Slave trade in Latin America and the Caribbean for Africans and the Indigenous populations (e.g., Tainos) Which group of people supplanted the decrease in the Taino population? Vocabulary: Plantation society, supplant, Spanish Colonial period