(Historical context/background knowledge for teachers https://bit.ly/2Ud0fxy.  This may be pre-recorded and archived in lesson repository or a speaker may be invited to class.  Teachers should be creative in differentiated delivery from multiple sources and perspectives.)  Big Ideas Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Various African civilizations developed differently over time. The history of Africa’s civilizations contradict the false narrative of African inferiority and racial stereotypes. Ancient West Africa was filled with wealth and geographical and ethnic diversity.   

Big Ideas Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms• Understand the characteristics and achievements of the people discussed.• Understand the different forms of conquest.Artwork:  Moorish Prince, Elizabeth Nourse, 1897, photograph, New Britain Museum of American Art

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Turtle Island, Indigenous Peoples Goree Island-Role in Transatlantic Slave Trade Maps of Transatlantic Slave Trade, Africa, Caribbean, North/South America Forced Migration in the Caribbean and Americas Social Constructs Race, Racial Identity, Anti-Racism, Implicit Bias 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Who are the Tainos, Incas, Aztecs, and Mayan?  Indigenous [Tainos, Incas, Mayan Kalina, Triple Alliance (Aztec), Olmecs, Mayas] presence in Puerto Rican and other Latino/a cultures Contributions of Indigenous societies  Empires of the Tainos, Aztec, Incan and Mayan people 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Real history and impact of Columbus  Treatment of Indigenous People 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Characterization of the Indigenous People by Bartolome de Las Casas Characterization of Columbus by Bartolome de Las Casas Counterstory: examining a different perspective on discovery 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Impact of the treatment of Indigenous population had for Latin America and the Caribbean Impact created/cause/transformed into a “new society” Vocabulary: Assimilation 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Violence manifested toward the Indigeneous populations after the arrival of Columbus in 1492 How does violence manifestation 500 years ago compare to current transgressions against Latinos today? Demonstrate an understanding of the interconnected violence among the Indigenous, Africans, and Spaniards to understand how it manifested with scientific experiments Note: The sensitivity of this topic may require adjustments with regards to how it is introduced, explored, and analyzed. Consultation is suggested to ensure not to invoke or perpetuate a traumatic learning experience. 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Violence and experimentation on the identity of Latinos and Puerto Ricans Racial trauma Consequences and impact of the atrocities  Transformation of a society as a result of anti-Latino violence  Puerto Rico and U.S. relations regarding experimentation as a way to impact the culture Eugenics/U.S. beliefs about Latino and Puerto Ricans  Vocabulary: Racial Trauma Note: The sensitivity of this topic may require adjustments to this activity with regards to how it is introduced, explored and analyzed. Consultation is suggested to ensure not to invoke or perpetuate a traumatic learning experience. 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Language policies as the means to ensure power and privilege Use of language suppression as a resistance tool by Puerto Ricans and other Latinos The intersection of Language and Identity Language suppression as a form of colonialism   

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms  Review of Semester 1 themes Review of course expectations 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Is Latino a Race? The concept of Race in Latin America today What does it mean to be Latino?   

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Multiple identities (i.e., Hispanic v Latino/a vs. Spanish) Evolution of multiple identities Language  Identity, race, and census  The following topics can be addressed if time permits and students are ready to share: Latino passing: what does this mean? Language and its relationship to the Latino identity  

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms African and Indigenous Diaspora African and Indigenous diaspora contributions (music, food, literary genres, etc.) Strengths and contributions of African and Indigenous diaspora in Latin America and Caribbean Vocabulary: Diaspora, Intersectionality 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Geographical and economic factors that have impacted development in Puerto Rico (e.g., population, topography, location, etc.) Puerto Rican Identity: what does it mean  History of Puerto Rican Migration Immigration How Puerto Rican Migration experience differs from other Latin American countries 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Haitian Revolution  Haitian Revolution and its impact on other Latin American countries  Vocabulary: General Toussaint L’Ouverture, Jacob Lawrence Note: This lesson serves as a precursor for students to understand how this revolution served as the framework for other revolutions in Latin America. 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Reasons for revolting Women’s roles during the independence  Caudillos Dictatorships Oligarchies Freebooters (filibusteros) Vocabulary: Dictator, Oligarchy, Caudillos 

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Suffering and pain that fueled revolutions Social Revolutions  Influence of colonialism Racial and ethnic differences during 20th century revolution  

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Las Carpetas Independence from Spain: Grito de Lares- the outcry known as “El grito de Lares” for the independence of Puerto Ricans from their Colonist occupants Las Carpetas Independence from the United States: Law 53 of 1948, better known as the Gag Law (Spanish: Ley de La Mordaza) A law used to suppress the independence movement in Puerto Rico Ponce Massacre   

Big Ideas/Topics to be Addressed, including Key Concepts and Terms Resistance heroes and sheroes (some examples) Pedro Albizu Campos Hernan Badilla Ramon Emeterio Betances  Miguel Hidalgo Jose Marti  Vidal Santiago Diaz Arturo Schomburg Lolita Lebron  Blanca Canales Marianna Bracetti  Dominga de La Cruz Becerril Isabel Rosado U.S. relationship with resistance heroes