By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain the reason for open market operations
Evaluate reserve requirements and discount rates
Interpret and show bank activity through balance sheets
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Contrast expansionary monetary policy and contractionary monetary policy
Explain how monetary policy impacts interest rates and aggregate demand
Evaluate Federal Reserve decisions over the last forty years
Explain the significance of quantitative easing (QE)
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Analyze whether monetary policy decisions should be made more democratically
Calculate the velocity of money
Evaluate the central bank’s influence on inflation, unemployment, asset bubbles, and leverage cycles
Calculate the effects of monetary stimulus
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain the structure and organization of the U.S. Federal Reserve
Discuss how central banks impact monetary policy, promote financial stability, and provide banking services
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain the various functions of money
Contrast commodity money and fiat money
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Contrast M1 money supply and M2 money supply
Classify monies as M1 money supply or M2 money supply
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain how banks act as intermediaries between savers and borrowers
Evaluate the relationship between banks, savings and loans, and credit unions
Analyze the causes of bankruptcy and recessions
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain the aggregate supply curve and how it relates to real GDP and potential GDP
Explain the aggregate demand curve and how it is influenced by price levels
Interpret the aggregate demand/aggregate supply model
Identify the point of equilibrium in the aggregate demand/aggregate supply model
Define short run aggregate supply and long run aggregate supply
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Macroeconomic Perspectives on Demand and Supply
Building a Model of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
Shifts in Aggregate Supply
Shifts in Aggregate Demand
How the AD/AS Model Incorporates Growth, Unemployment, and Inflation
Keynes’ Law and Say’s Law in the AD/AS Model
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain Say’s Law and understand why it primarily applies in the long run
Explain Keynes’ Law and understand why it primarily applies in the short run
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain how imports influence aggregate demand
Identify ways in which business confidence and consumer confidence can affect aggregate demand
Explain how government policy can change aggregate demand
Evaluate why economists disagree on the topic of tax cuts
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain crowding out and its effect on physical capital investment
Explain the relationship between budget deficits and interest rates
Identify why economic growth is tied to investments in physical capital, human capital, and technology
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
Explain the national saving and investment identity in terms of demand and supply
Evaluate the role of budget surpluses and trade surpluses in national saving and investment identity